知识

1. Identify and describe the following hardware/terms:

辨别并描述下列硬件/术语:

Bridgedeck 甲板桥   Cabin 船舱               three point rig

Bridile-line 系船索   Catamaran 双体船         Crossarms 横木

Float 浮筒          full wing deck              open wing deck

Galley down 下层厨房(在船体里) galley up 上层厨房(在主舱室里)  partial wing deck

Hull (s) 船体        Main hull 主船体           Multihull 多个船体

Safety nets 安全网  Seagull striker 海鸥型长杆   Dolphin striker 海豚型长杆

Stability 稳定性     Stability Curves 稳性曲线    Trimaran 三体船

Wing deck          bridgedeck 甲板桥          Cabin 船舱

2. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages to a multihull sailboat.

列举驾驶多体帆船的优缺点。

3. Describe the weight carrying characteristics of 30-50 foot cruising multihull and how weight distribution affect safety and performance.

识别长度为30-50英尺的巡航多体船的承重特点。重量分布对多体船的性能和安全有什么影响。

4. Describe the differences in performance between multihulls and monohulls of about the same size.

说明尺寸相同的多体帆船和单体帆船在性能上有什么差别。

5. Describe the accommodations of a typical 30—50 foot multihull and how comfort and safety will differ from

a monohull.

描述一艘长度为30-50英尺的典型多体船的生活空间。安全性和舒适性上与单体船有什么差别。

6. Identify differences in ships systems between multihulls and monohulls.

说明多体船和单体船在船载系统上有什么不同。

7. Describe shoal draft and its effect on planning ahead and sailing.

浅滩水深对航行计划和实施有什么影响。

8. Describe the danger of capsizing, how to recognize the danger and how to prevent it.

说明帆船翻覆会造成哪些危险,怎样识别这些危险,有哪些预防措施。

9. Discuss the characteristics of a multihull which determine windage and the effects of windage on course and speed.

多体船的哪些特点会决定风力修正量;风力修正量对航速和航向有哪些影响。

10. Discuss how multihull design affects turning radius.

多体船的结构设计会对转弯半径造成哪些影响。

11. Describe a typical center/daggerboard installation on a multihull and how they affect performance.

描述多体船上如何安装中插板;中插板对多体船性能有什么影响。

12. Describe options for gear stowage and proper stowing procedures.

描述合适的工具存放点,正确存放工具的步骤。

13. Describe how and where a safety harness tether would attach to a multihull.

安全带系绳应该连接到多体船的什么位置,如何连接。

14. Discuss the various sail combinations and how they affect balance of a multihull.    

描述不同的船帆组合会对多体船的平衡造成什么样影响。

15. Discuss the differences of multihull heavy weather sailing practices (advantages and disadvantages) including the following:

讨论多体船和单体船在恶劣天气下航行的不同点,要求包含下列各项:

  • Lying ahull 全降帆

  • Sea anchors 海锚

  • Heaving-to 顶风停船

  • Running off and standing on 顺风航行,保持航向航行

  • Speed controls 航速控制

16. Describe and discuss the methods of rafting multihulls and the limitations involved.

描述把多艘多体船锚泊在一起的方法及局限。

17. Discuss the limitations of a multihull galley and method of working safely in the galley.

描述多体帆船上的厨房的局限性,怎样才能安全使用厨房。

18. Discuss auxiliary power options on a multihull.

列举多体船上可以安装哪些辅助引擎。

19. Discuss engine placement on a multihull and its affect on performance and comport.

描述把多体船拖上岸和下水技巧的特点。

20. Discuss common mechanical maintenance on a multihull.

描述如何更换多体船上的引擎,替换引擎对多体船的性能有什么影响。

21. Discuss common mechanical repairs on a multihull.

描述多体船上的常规机械保养。

22. Describe and discuss what to do if one or both engines fail.

如果多体船的一个或两个引擎都失灵,应该采取什么措施。

23. Describe options for carrying and towing a dinghy.

列举船载和拖带小艇的方法。

24. Describe the method of tying a multihull securely to a dock in areas of varying tidal range.

列举在潮汐变化较大的水域,把多体船系泊在码头的方法。


技能

Boat handling Under power 引擎动力行驶时帆船操作

25. Cast off and safely leave a dock with at least two different wind directions relative to the bow (i.e., wind across the stern and wind across the beam).

至少在两种风向下(相对船艏而言),演示解开缆绳,安全驶离码头。

26. Stop the bow of the boat within four feet of a marker while maneuvering under power. Perform the exercise upwind, downwind and with the wind across the beam.

用引擎动力在标志物附近停船,要求船艏与标志物的距离小于4英尺。在迎风,顺风,横风下做此练习。

27. Maneuver the boat under power in a confined space, noting the effects of wind and current.

在狭小空间内用引擎动力操纵多体船,要求考虑到风和海流对船的影响。

28. Maneuver the boat within 2 feet of, and parallel to a dock. Define and carry out a bail-out plan.

船与码头平行且距离小于2英尺,引擎动力操纵帆船。设计并实施起航计划。

29. Turn the boat in the tightest possible circle to determine its turning radius. Twin screw boats will perform the exercise with screws turning in opposite directions and again with screws turning in the same directions.

操纵帆船以最小的转弯半径转弯。双螺旋桨船的两个螺旋桨会想相反方向转动,然后向相同方向转动。

30. Repeat item 29 turning the boat in the opposite direction and compare the differences.

反方向练习第29题,并比较向两个不同方向转弯有什么区别。

31. Repeat items 29 and 30 while making stern way (going backwards).

船倒退过程中,操作第29-30题。

32. Steer a straight course of at least 10 boat lengths in reverse using moderate spped.

操纵帆船以中等速度倒退直线行驶至少10个帆船长度的距离。

33. If the boat used for certification is equipped with two engines, repeat items 30-31 using one engine then the other.

如果训练船有两个引擎,开动一个引擎练习第30-31题。然后开动另外一只引擎做相同练习。

34. Steer a multihull using an emergency steering device.

用应急操舵设备驾驶多体船,进行下列操作:

  • Moving forward on a steady bearing 稳定航向前进

  • Moving backward on a steady bearing 稳定航向后退

  • Moving forward on a figure 8 course 以8字形前进


Crew overboard 船员落水

35. Demonstrate a skipper’s actions and commands while under power from the time a member of the crew falls overboard without warnig until the crew is safely recovered.

帆船引擎动力行驶,演示从船员突然意外落水到被安全营救上船的过程中,船长应该采取那些措施,发出哪些口令。

36. Describe at least two methods of getting a person out of the water and back on board a multihull.

演示至少两种把落水船员营救上多体船的方法。


Boat handling under sail 驾帆行驶时帆船操作

Points of Sail 风向角

37. Function as helmsman and crew giving correct commands and proper responses while demonstrating the proper techniques of close hauled sailing, reaching (all three points), running, tacking and jibing, heading up, bearing away and luffing while noting the differences and likenesses of sailing a multihull vs. monohulll.

分别担任舵手和船员,对下列操作给出合适的口令或回应,并演示正确的操作:近迎风、远迎风、正横风、侧顺风、尾风、迎风换舷、顺风换舷、迎风偏转、顺风偏转、飘帆。注意多体船的操作和单体船有什么区别。

38. Sail an ordered compass course for 5 minutes without varying more than 10 degrees from the heading.

按照指定罗盘航向航行至少5分钟,要求偏差不得超过10度。

39. Sail a figure 8 course between two buoys noting acceleration/ deceleration times and momentum during turns.

绕两个浮标做8字形航行,要求注意加速/减速时机、转向时的惯性。

40. While sailing at full power, luff sails and observe how long it takes for a multihull to come to rest.

全速行驶,然后让船帆飘帆,观察多体船多久之后会停下来。

41. Trim luffing sails noting how long it takes to accelerate to full power.

调整飘动的船帆,观察多体船需要多长时间才能全速行驶。


Crew overboard 船员落水

42. Demonstrate a skipper’s actions and commands while under sail from the time a member of the crew falls overboard without warning until the crew is safely recovered.

帆船帆动力行驶,演示从船员突然意外落水到被安全营救上船的过程中,船长应该采取那些措施,发出哪些口令。

  • Use two different return techniques including the quick-stop method

采用两种驶近落水人的方法,包括快速停船法。


Heavy weather 恶劣天气下航行

43. Reduce sail by reefing and shaking out a reef while keeping the vessel under control and on course.

演示缩帆、解除缩帆,要求帆船必须时刻受到控制并保持航向航行。

44. Heave-to and get underway again, noting the vessel’s motion at different angles to the wind.

演示顶风停船、重新起航操作,注意风向对帆船的影响。

45. Sail with mainsail only, then headsail only noting performance characteristics and limitations.

仅升起主帆航行,然后仅升起前帆航行,观察两种方式的特点和区别。


Anchoring 锚泊

46. Use proper anchoring techniques to anchor using the following methods:

采用下列方法,使用合适的锚泊技巧抛锚:

  • Two anchors off the bow or stern (Bahamian style) 两只船艏锚或两只船艏锚锚泊(巴哈马式锚泊)

  • Single bow anchor and bridle 一只船艏锚和系船缆

  • Single bow anchor and stern to the beach (Med style)

单支船艏锚锚泊,船艉朝着海滩(地中海式锚泊)

  • Bow to permanent mooring with bridle (if available)

系船缆把船艏系泊在永久系泊浮筒上(如有系船缆)

  • Beaching with consideration of daggerbaord/centerboard, rudder and hull mounted electronics. (options) 抢滩,不考虑中插板、船舵、和安装在船体的电子设备(可选择)


Making fast and Snugging Down 系泊牢固和做好预防风暴的准备

47. Secure a boat to various dock configurations so as to provide limited movement and set out fenders correctly. Take extra precautions to secure a vessel for the night at a dock and at a mooring.

在不同码头牢固地系泊帆船,使帆船运动降至最少,并正确放置防碰球。在夜间系泊时预防措施务必全面。


下一步是什么?


ASA 111,帆船复习(龙骨帆船)
先修课程:基础龙骨帆船(ASA101)证书 有意向提升或重新熟悉之前在水上 ASA 认证课程中所学的航海知识和技能。 学生和教练在复习前共同决定目标,教练为学生提供一份书面的个人推荐计划和日志, 学生可在复习结束后继续提升知识和能力。这种复习可以多次进行。