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知识

技能

1. Basic Concepts 基本概念

  • The role of marine weather in your boating plans, particularly wind forecasting

        海洋气象信息，尤其是风况预测，在航行计划中扮演什么角色。

  • The relationship of temperature, precipitation, visibility, wind, and waves and their impact on forecasting

        温度、降水、能见度、风、海浪之间的关系，及其对天气预报的影响。

  • Wind terminology and units used in speeds, distances, temperatures and pressures

        速度、距离、温度、压强方面与风有关的术语和单位

  • Utilizing data from the Ocean Prediction Center, National Data Buoy Center, and Marine Weather Services Charts

        会应用海洋预测中心、国家航标数据中心、海洋气象服务图提供的数据

2. Pressure and Wind

    压力和风

  • Pressure and wind, including the flow of wind around highs, lows, ridges and troughs

        压力和风的关系，包括高地、低地、山脊、低谷区域

  • Conversion of apparent wind to true wind

        相对风和阵风之间相互转换

  • Calibration and setting of barometers, both aneroid and digital

        气压计的校准和设置，包括无液气压计和电子气压计

  • Pressure distributions and related labeling practices on weather maps

        在天气图上的标出压力分布

  • Predicting wind speed and direction from isobars on a weather map

        根据天气图上的等压线预测风向和风速

3. Global Winds and Currents

风和流

  • The basic properties of the atmosphere and their influence on wind and weather

        大气的基本特征是什么？大气对风和天气有什么影响。

  • Air mass classifications and vertical stability basics

        空气质量分类和垂向稳定性要素的关系

  • The role of equatorial heating in establishing the doldrums, horse latitudes, trade winds and prevailing westerlies. 赤道加热对形成赤道无风带、副热带无风带、信风、盛行西风带的形成有什么作用

  • The role the polar front plays in generating low fronts, and how these subsequently cross the mid-latitudes of the globe.

        极峰对低气压前锋形成起到什么作用，怎样穿过中纬度地区的？

  • The origins and behavior of the winds aloft and how they contribute to the development and transport of surface systems around the globe

        高空风的起源与运动轨迹是什么。高空风对地球的地表系统的发展和运动有什么影响。

  • The distribution of ocean currents around the globe and how to predict their values in voyage planning

        海流在地球上的分布，海流如何影响航海。

4. 强风预警系统

  • Forecasting conventions and warnings available for strong wind systems

        强风预警有哪些

  • The distinctions between lows and fronts, and between tropical and extra-tropical storms

        低气压区和低气压前锋，热带风暴和热带外风暴有什么区别

  • Predicting squall behavior

        预测狂风的运动形态

  • Finding and using Quick Scat satellite wind measurements

        找到并使用“快速测风卫星”（Quick Scat）的风的测量指标

  • Typical behaviors of tropical depressions, storms, and hurricanes

        热带低气压，风暴和飓风的典型运动形态

5. Clouds, Fog, and Sea State

云、雾和海况

  • The ten basic cloud types and what they can indicate

        云的十种基本类型是什么，分别预示什么天气

  • Cloud sequences at frontal passage

        前锋的运行中云出现的顺序

  • Fog formation and forecasting

        雾的形成和预警

  • Practical distinctions between sea fog and radiation fog and between swells, wind waves and ripple

        海雾和辐射雾的区别，涌浪、风涌和微波之间的区别

  • Predicting wave height and speed based on wind speed, duration, and fetch

        根据风速、持续时间和风浪区，预测浪高和速度

  • The Beaufort Wind Force scale that relates wind speed to sea state

        蒲福风级表中风速和海况的关系

6. Wind and Terrain 风和地势

  • Presence and topography of land and how it affects the wind flow over adjacent waters

        了解地表形貌，描述其对临近水域的风产生什么影响

  • Prominent local winds such as: sea breezes, land breezes, channeling and gap winds, blocking and lifting and downslope winds

        当地盛行什么风，如：海风、陆风、山隘风、下行风等

  • The interaction between thermal winds and pressure system winds

        热成风和气压成风

7. Weather Maps Review天气图

  • The types of weather maps available and how to access them at home and underway

        天气图的类型，在家里和航行中如何获取

  • The process of weather routing, including sequencing of analyses and forecasts to confirm the forecasts

        气象航线的过程，包括气象现象分析和预测的先后顺序及验证预测准确与否。

  • Accessing and utilizing GRIB forecasts, taking into account their pros and cons compared to analyzed products prepared by meteorologists

        获取并分析GRIB数据，要求考虑其优缺点，并与气象学家分析的数据做比较。

  • Using the 500-mb maps and weather discussions to help evaluate surface forecasts

        利用500-mb 地图和天气，来评估地面预报

  • Utilizing shipboard observations of wind and pressure to evaluate analyses and the subsequent forecasts

        利用航行途中对风和气压的观测，评估后续天气预报的准确度

8. Sources of Weather Data 气象数据的来源

  • The use of both traditional and modern sources of climatic data for planning the time and route of voyages-for inland and coastal voyaging, as well as ocean crossings

        使用传统和现代的气象观测工具观测天气，并依此分别确定内陆航行、沿海航行和远洋航行的路线和时间。

  • The latest sources for weather data underway and the wireless options for obtaining it

    航行途中怎样获得最新的天气信息，使用什么无线设备

  • The distinctions and pros and cons of commercial weather services compared to free public services from the National Weather Service

    商业气象服务发布的气象信息和国家气象局向公众发布的免费气象信息有什么区别，各自的优缺点是什么。

  • The role of professional weather routing services and how they might fit into your voyaging plans

    专业的气象航线服务的角色，怎样影响航行计划。

9. On-board Forecasting and Tactics 航行中的天气预报和应对策略

  • Proper use of barometer, wind speed, wind direction, clouds, and sea state for shipboard forecasting

    正确使用气压计、风速、风向、云和海况等，在海上预测天气

  • Gauging the direction of the winds aloft from cirrus cloud patterns

    利用卷云形态测定风向

  • Know which weather-related old maritime sayings have some value in forecasting

    了解航海谚语中哪一种说法能帮助预测风

  • The role of weather routing in improving sailing tactics

        气象航线服务对提高航海策略起什么作用

10. Southern Hemisphere Weather 南半球气象

  • Which aspects of weather are unique, and which are and are not reversed in the Southern Hemisphere

    南半球的天气独有的特点是什么。哪些方面与北半球相同，哪些方面与北半球相反。

  • The sources for weather information specific to the Southern Hemisphere

    南半球有哪些独特的气象信息来源。


下一步是什么？


ASA 108，远洋航行
ASA 108，远洋航行
有能力担任船长或船员，运用天文导航知识驾驶帆船进行远洋航行。
ASA 111，帆船复习（龙骨帆船）
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